{"id":344,"date":"2026-05-11T23:58:59","date_gmt":"2026-05-11T14:58:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/?p=344"},"modified":"2026-05-19T01:13:29","modified_gmt":"2026-05-18T16:13:29","slug":"%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac%eb%a5%bc-%eb%b0%94%ea%be%bc-%eb%b6%84%ec%9e%90-%ed%8e%98%eb%86%80-phenol%ec%9d%b4-%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%9d%98%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%ac%bc%ec%a7%88-%ec%82%b0%ec%97%85%ec%9d%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/ko\/2026\/05\/11\/%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac%eb%a5%bc-%eb%b0%94%ea%be%bc-%eb%b6%84%ec%9e%90-%ed%8e%98%eb%86%80-phenol%ec%9d%b4-%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%9d%98%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%ac%bc%ec%a7%88-%ec%82%b0%ec%97%85%ec%9d%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc14\uafbc \ubd84\uc790: \ud398\ub180 (Phenol)\uc774 \ud604\ub300 \uc758\ud559\uacfc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc7ac\ud3b8\ud588\ub294\uac00"},"content":{"rendered":"

# \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc14\uafbc \ubd84\uc790: \ud398\ub180 (Phenol)\uc774 \ud604\ub300 \uc758\ud559\uacfc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc7ac\ud3b8\ud588\ub294\uac00<\/p>\n

# 1. \ucd08\ub85d<\/p>\n

\ud604\ub300 \ubb38\uba85\uc758 \uc804\uac1c \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ud398\ub180 (Phenol)\uc740 \uacfc\uc18c\ud3c9\uac00\ub418\uc5b4 \uc628, \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uacb0\uc815\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce5c \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc545\ucde8 \ub098\ub294 \uc11d\ud0c4 \ud0c0\ub974 (Coal Tar) \uc18d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc758\ud559\uacfc \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \uc9c0\ud615\uc744 \uae4a\uc774 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc870\uc9c0\ud504 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud130\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \ubcd1\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc785\ud558\uae30 \uc804, \uc678\uacfc \uc218\uc220\uc740 \uac10\uc5fc\uacfc\uc758 \ub0b4\uae30\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \u201c\ub7ec\uc2dc\uc548 \ub8f0\ub81b\u201d\uacfc \ub2e4\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \uc758\ub8cc \ubc16\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud398\ub180-\ud3ec\ub984\uc54c\ub370\ud788\ub4dc \uc218\uc9c0\uc758 \ud575\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c 20\uc138\uae30 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \ub9c9\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ub2f9\uad6c\ub300 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub73b\ubc16\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ucf54\ub07c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874\uacfc \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc624\ub77d \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8\ubb38\uc740 \ud398\ub180\uc774 \ud558\ucc2e\uc740 \ud654\ud559 \ubd80\uc0b0\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec, \uc778\ub958\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874\ub960\uacfc \uc790\uc6d0 \uc18c\ube44\uc758 \uada4\uc801\uc744 \ubc14\uafbc \ud575\uc2ec \ubd84\uae30\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc9c4\ud654\ud588\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\n \n<\/div>\n

# 2. \ubc1c\uacac\uc0ac\uc640 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd<\/p>\n

\ud398\ub180\uc758 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc740 \ubbf8\ubbf8\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 19\uc138\uae30 \ucd08 \ub7f0\ub358 \uac70\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc2a4\ub4f1\uc774 \ubcf4\uae09\ub418\uba74\uc11c, \uac00\uc2a4 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc740 \uc11d\ud0c4\uc744 \uac00\uc2a4\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc545\ucde8\uac00 \uc2ec\ud558\uace0 \ub048\uc801\ud55c \ubd80\uc0b0\ubb3c\u2014\uc11d\ud0c4 \ud0c0\ub974 (Coal Tar)$^{[1]}$\u2014\ub97c \ub300\ub7c9\uc73c\ub85c \ubc30\ucd9c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1834\ub144 \ub3c5\uc77c\uc758 \ud654\ud559\uc790 \ub8fd\uac8c (Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge)\ub294 \ub3c4\uc2dc \ud589\uc815\uc758 \uace8\uce6b\uac70\ub9ac\uc600\ub358 \uc774 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubb34\uc0c9\uc758 \ubc14\ub298 \ubaa8\uc591 \uacb0\uc815\uccb4\ub97c \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\ub9ac\ud574 \ub0b4\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \u201c\uce74\ub974\ubcfc\uc0b0\u201d (Carbolic Acid)\uc774\ub77c \uba85\uba85\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ud654\ud559 \uad6c\uc870\uc758 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ud398\ub180\uc758 \ubd84\uc790\uc2dd\uc740 $C_6H_5OH$\uc774\uba70, \uad6c\uc870\ub294 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud3c9\uba74\uc801\uc778 \ubca4\uc820 \uace0\ub9ac\uc640 \ud558\uc774\ub4dc\ub85d\uc2e4\uae30 (Hydroxyl Group)\uac00 \uc9c1\uc811 \uacb0\ud569\ud55c \ud615\ud0dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc218\uc6a9\uc561\uc5d0\uc11c \ud398\ub180\uc740 \ubbf8\uc57d\ud558\uac8c \uc804\ub9ac\ub418\uc5b4 \uc57d\uc0b0\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

$$C_6H_5OH \\rightleftharpoons C_6H_5O^- + H^+$$<\/p>\n

\n \n<\/div>\n

\uadf8 pKa\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c 9.89~10.00 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uc704\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

$$pKa(C_6H_5OH) = 9.89 \\sim 10.00$$<\/p>\n

\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubd84\uc790 \uc870\ud569\uc740 \ud398\ub180\uc5d0 \ub192\uc740 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \ubc18\uc751\uc131\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud398\ub180\uc131 \ud558\uc774\ub4dc\ub85d\uc2e4\uae30\uc640 \ubca4\uc820 \uace0\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \ud615\uc131\ub418\ub294 \ube44\ud3b8\uc7ac\ud654 $\\pi$ \uacb0\ud569 (Delocalized $\\pi$ Bond)\uc740 \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \uc804\uc790 \uacf5\uc5ec \ud6a8\uacfc (Electron-donating Effect)\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b4\uc5b4, \uace0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc804\uc790 \ubc00\ub3c4 (Electron Density)\ub97c \ud06c\uac8c \ub192\uc774\uace0 \uce5c\uc804\uc790\uc131 \uce58\ud658 \ubc18\uc751\uc744 \uc6a9\uc774\ud558\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub192\uc740 \ubc18\uc751\uc131 \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \ud398\ub180\uc740 \ud3ec\ub984\uc54c\ub370\ud788\ub4dc\uc640 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uac00\uad50 \uacb0\ud569\ud558\uc5ec \uacac\uace0\ud55c \ub9dd\uc0c1 \uace0\ubd84\uc790\ub97c \ud615\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud398\ub180\uc740 \uc138\uade0 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc744 \ud30c\uad34\ud558\uace0 \uc751\uace0\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ub3c5\uc131\uc744 \uc9c0\ub140, \ud6d7\ub0a0 \uc678\uacfc \uc601\uc5ed\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\uc785\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\ubc18\uc744 \ub9c8\ub828\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\n \n<\/div>\n

# 3. \uc758\ub8cc \uccb4\uacc4\uc758 \uc7ac\ud3b8: \ubcd1\uc6d0\ubcd1\uc5d0\uc11c \ubb34\uade0 \uc218\uc220\ub85c<\/p>\n

\uc778\ub958\uac00 \ubbf8\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uc138\uade0 \uc138\uacc4\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc804, \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc758 \uc678\uacfc \ubcd1\ub3d9\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc0c1 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uce58\uba85\uc801\uc778 \uc7a5\uc18c\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 19\uc138\uae30 \uc911\uc5fd\uc758 \uc678\uacfc \ubcd1\ub3d9\uc5d0\ub294 \ud754\ud788 \uad34\uc800 (Gangrene)\uc640 \ud328\ud608\uc99d (Sepsis)\uc758 \uc369\ub294 \ub0c4\uc0c8\uac00 \uac00\ub4dd\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc758\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc740 \uc190\uc744 \uc53b\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \uc624\ub798\ub41c \ud53c\uac00 \ubb3b\uc740 \uc218\uc220 \uac00\uc6b4\uc744 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc758 \ud6c8\uc7a5\ucc98\ub7fc \uc790\ub791\ud588\uc73c\uba70, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \ud654\ub18d\uc744 \ud68c\ubcf5\uc758 \ud544\uc218 \uacfc\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ubbff\uc5b4 \uace0\ub984\uc774 \ube60\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d \ubd09\ud569\uc0ac\ub97c \uae38\uac8c \ub298\uc5b4\ub728\ub824 \ubc14\ub2e5\uc5d0 \ub2ff\uac8c \ub450\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb34\uc9c0\ub294 \uc808\ub2e8 \uc218\uc220 \ud6c4 \uac10\uc5fc \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc744 $40\\%$\uc5d0\uc11c $70\\%$\uc5d0 \uc774\ub974\uac8c \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

\ud1b5\uc81c \ubd88\ub2a5\uc758 \u201c\ubcd1\uc6d0\ubcd1\u201d\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574, \uc2a4\ucf54\ud2c0\ub79c\ub4dc \uc758\uc0ac \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud130 (Joseph Lister)\ub294 \ud30c\uc2a4\ud1f4\ub974 (Louis Pasteur)\uc758 \ubbf8\uc0dd\ubb3c (Microorganism) \uc774\ub860\uc5d0\uc11c \uc601\uac10\uc744 \ubc1b\uc544, \uc138\uade0\uc744 \uc8fd\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \uc9c0\ub81b\ub300\ub97c \ucc3e\uace0\uc790 \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \uadf8\ub294 \ud558\uc218\ub3c4\uc758 \uc545\ucde8\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub358 \uce74\ub974\ubcfc\uc0b0 (Crude Phenol)\uc5d0 \uc8fc\ubaa9\ud588\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uc784\uc0c1\uc5d0 \uacfc\uac10\ud788 \uc801\uc6a9\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1865\ub144 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud130\ub294 \ud398\ub180\uc5d0 \uc801\uc2e0 \ub4dc\ub808\uc2f1\uc744 \uc8fc\uc11d\ubc15\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc2f8\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c, \uac1c\ubc29\uc131 \uace8\uc808 (Open Fracture)\uc744 \uc785\uc740 \ud55c \uc18c\ub144\uc744 \uae30\uc801\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uce58\ub8cc\ud558\uc5ec \uc808\ub2e8\uc744 \uba74\ud558\uac8c \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

\uadf9\ub3c4\uc758 \ubb34\uade0\uc744 \ucd94\uad6c\ud55c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud130\ub294 \uc218\uc220\uc2e4 \uc804\uccb4\uc5d0 \uce74\ub974\ubcfc\uc0b0\uc744 \ubd84\ubb34\ud558\ub294 \ubd84\ubb34\uae30\uae4c\uc9c0 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub2f9\uc2dc\uc758 \uc218\uc220 \ud658\uacbd\uc740 \ucc98\ucc38\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc758\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc758 \ud53c\ubd80\ub294 \ud398\ub180\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ud45c\ubc31\ub418\uace0, \uac08\ub77c\uc9c0\uba70, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \ubb34\uac10\uac01\ud574\uc84c\uace0, \ucf54\ub97c \ucc0c\ub974\ub294 \uc548\uac1c\ub294 \uad6c\uc5ed\uc9c8\uc744 \uc720\ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec \ub9ce\uc740 \uc678\uacfc\uc758\ub4e4\uc774 \uadf8 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ud558\uae30\ub97c \uac70\ubd80\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub354 \ub09c\ucc98\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \u201c\ubbf8\uc544\uc988\ub9c8 \uc774\ub860\u201d\uc744 \uc2e0\ubd09\ud558\ub358 \ud559\uacc4 \uad8c\uc704\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc774\ub97c \uc870\ub871\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub4e4\uc740 \u201c\ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\u201d\uace0 \ubbff\uc5c8\uace0, \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \u201c\ubcd1\uc6d0\uc131 \ubc8c\ub808\u201d\ub294 \ud130\ubb34\ub2c8\uc5c6\ub294 \uacf5\uc0c1\ucc98\ub7fc \ub4e4\ub838\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \ub3d9\ub8cc\ub4e4\uc740 \uc0dd\ub2f9\uadfc \uc5f0\uace0 \uac19\uc740 \ubbfc\uac04\uc694\ubc95\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4, \uc790\uadf9\uc801\uc778 \ud398\ub180 \uc18c\ub3c5\uc740 \ubc1b\uc544\ub4e4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\ub824 \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub0c9\uc815\ud55c \uc0dd\uc874\ub960 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub294 \uacb0\uad6d \uc624\ub9cc\uc744 \ub20c\ub800\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud398\ub180\uc740 \uc778\ub958\uac00 \uc138\uade0\uc5d0 \ub9de\uc11c \uac16\ucd98 \ucd5c\ucd08\uc758 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \ubc29\uc5b4\uc120\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc744 \ub208\uc5d0 \ub744\uac8c \ub0ae\ucd94\uc5c8\uace0, \uc678\uacfc\uc758\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9c8\uce68\ub0b4 \uace0\uc704\ud5d8 \uc218\uc220\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

# 4. \ubb3c\uc9c8\uacfc\ud559\uc758 \uc804\ud658\uc810: \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8\uc640 \uc778\uacf5 \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \uac1c\ub9c9<\/p>\n

\uc0ac\ub78c\uc744 \uc0b4\ub9ac\ub294 \uc77c \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4, \ud398\ub180\uc774 \ucd09\ubc1c\ud55c \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc804\ud658\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0 \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \ucc44\uad74\ud558\ub4ef \uc18c\ube44\ud558\ub358 \uc778\ub958\uac00 \ub9de\ub2e5\ub728\ub9b0 \ubcd1\ubaa9\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ub86f\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 19\uc138\uae30 \ub9d0 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2f9\uad6c\uac00 \uc720\ud589\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uaddc\uaca9\uc5d0 \ub9de\ub294 \uacf5\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub824\uba74 \ucd5c\uace0\uae09 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \uc0c1\uc544\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud588\uace0, \ud3c9\uade0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c 50\uac1c\uc758 \uc0c1\uc544 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c 1\uac1c\ub9cc\uc774 \uc6d0\ub8cc\ub85c \uc120\ubcc4\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc804\uae30 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \ud3ed\ubc1c\uc801 \uc131\uc7a5\uc73c\ub85c \uc808\uc5f0 \uc7ac\ub8cc\uac00 \uc808\uc2e4\ud588\ub294\ub370, \ub2f9\uc2dc \uc758\uc874\ud558\ub358 \ucc9c\uc5f0 \uc178\ub77d (Shellac)\uc740 \ud6a8\uc728\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub0ae\uc544, 1\ud30c\uc6b4\ub4dc\uc758 \uc178\ub77d\uc744 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ud558\ub824\uba74 15,000\ub9c8\ub9ac\uc758 \uc790\uac01\ucda9\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud588\uace0 6\uac1c\uc6d4\uc744 \uae30\ub2e4\ub824\uc57c \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uc555\ub825\uc740 \ud569\uc131 \uace0\ubd84\uc790 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc744 \ucd09\uc9c4\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1907\ub144 \ubca8\uae30\uc5d0\uacc4 \ud654\ud559\uc790 \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub79c\ub4dc (Leo Hendrik Baekeland)\ub294 \ud398\ub180\uacfc \ud3ec\ub984\uc54c\ub370\ud788\ub4dc\ub97c \ud63c\ud569\ud558\ub294 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc804\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ud654\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \ub3c4\uc804\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ubc18\uc751\uc740 \ub300\uac1c \uaca9\ub82c\ud558\uac8c \ud3ed\uc8fc\ud558\uc5ec \uc544\ubb34 \uc4f8\ubaa8 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc794\ub958\ubb3c\ub9cc \ub0a8\uacbc\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub79c\ub4dc\ub294 \ud3ec\uae30\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub294 \u201c\ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc800\u201d (Bakelizer)\ub77c \ubd88\ub9ac\ub294 \uace0\uc555 \uc7a5\uce58\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud558\uc5ec, \uc628\ub3c4\uc640 \uc555\ub825\uc744 \uc815\ubc00\ud558\uac8c \uc81c\uc5b4\ud55c \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c \ud3ec\ub984\uc54c\ub370\ud788\ub4dc\uc640 \ud398\ub180 \ubd84\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc5d0 \uac00\uad50 \ubc18\uc751\uc774 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub3c4\ub85d \ud588\uace0, \uadf8 \uacb0\uacfc \ud638\ubc15\uc0c9\uc758 \uace0\uccb4\u2014\u201c\ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8\u201d (Phenolic Resin)\u2014\ub97c \uc5bb\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\uc774\ub294 \uc5f4\uacbd\ud654\uc131 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 (Thermosetting Plastic)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud55c \ubc88 \uc131\ud615\ub418\uba74 \uace0\uc628\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub179\uac70\ub098 \ubcc0\ud615\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8 \uacf5\uc740 \ucda9\ub3cc \uc2dc \uc0c1\uc544\uc640 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \uccad\uc544\ud55c \uc18c\ub9ac\ub97c \ub0c8\uace0, \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0 \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub09c \uc808\uc5f0\uc131\uacfc \ub0b4\uc5f4\uc131\uc774 \ub354\ud574\uc838 20\uc138\uae30 \ucd08 \uc804\ud654\uae30\uc640 \ub77c\ub514\uc624 \uc678\uc7a5, \ud68c\ub85c \uc808\uc5f0\uccb4 \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc9c0\ubc30\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud398\ub180\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc778\ub958\ub294 \ucc98\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc2dd\ubb3c \uc720\ub798\uc758 \ucc9c\uc5f0 \uc7ac\ub8cc \uc758\uc874\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098, \ubd84\uc790 \uc218\uc900\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\ud600 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc744 \ud569\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc57d\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

# 5. \ub9cc\uc57d \ud398\ub180\uc774 \ubc1c\uacac\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uba74<\/p>\n

\ud398\ub180\uc774 \uc131\uacf5\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\ub9ac\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub2e4\uba74, \ud604\ub300 \ubb38\uba85\uc758 \uba87\uba87 \ud575\uc2ec \uacfc\uc815\uc740 \uac15\uc81c\ub85c \ucc28\ub2e8\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uccab\uc9f8\ub294 \uc678\uacfc \uc758\ud559\uc758 \uc7a5\uae30\uc801 \uc815\uccb4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc800\ube44\uc6a9\uc758 \uad11\ubc94\uc704 \uc0b4\uade0\uc81c\uac00 \ubd80\uc7ac\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c, \ud30c\uc2a4\ud1f4\ub974 (Louis Pasteur)\uc758 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc784\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud654\ud559\uc801 \ubc1c\ud310\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6e0\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d \uac10\uc5fc\uc758 \uc628\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ub0a8\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uc218\ub9ce\uc740 \ubcd1\uc0ac\ub4e4\uc774 \uc0ac\uc18c\ud55c \uc0c1\ucc98\ub85c\ub3c4 \ud328\ud608\uc99d\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\ub9dd\ud588\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uace0, \uc7a5\uae30 \uc774\uc2dd\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc815\ubc00 \uc218\uc220\uc740 \ubb34\uade0 \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \ubd80\uc7ac\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ud6e8\uc52c \ub354 \uc624\ub798 \uc774\ub860\uc758 \uc885\uc774\uc5d0\ub9cc \uba38\ubb3c\ub800\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[4]}$.<\/p>\n

\ub458\uc9f8\ub85c \uc804\uae30\ud654\uc758 \ubcf4\uae09\uc740 \ub118\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \ube44\uc6a9 \uc7a5\ubcbd\uc5d0 \ubd80\ub52a\ud614\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc778 \uc808\uc5f0\uccb4\uc778 \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8 (Bakelite)\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74, \ucd08\uae30 \uc1a1\uc804\ub9dd\uc740 \ube44\uc2f8\uace0 \uae68\uc9c0\uae30 \uc26c\uc6b0\uba70 \uc5f4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc5f0\ud654\ub418\uae30 \uc26c\uc6b4 \ucc9c\uc5f0 \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc5d0 \uc758\uc874\ud560 \uc218\ubc16\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \ub610\ud55c \uc778\ub958\ub294 \uadf9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc778\ud654\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc740 \ucd08\uae30 \uace0\ubd84\uc790, \uc140\ub8f0\ub85c\uc774\ub4dc (Celluloid)\ub97c \uacc4\uc18d \uacac\ub38c\uc57c \ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacfc\uc7a5\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8\uac00 \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud558\uae30 \uc804 \ub2f9\uad6c\ub97c \uce58\uac70\ub098 \uc601\ud654\ub97c \ubcf4\ub294 \uc77c\uc740 \ud3ed\ubc1c \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ub3d9\ubc18\ud55c \uadf9\ud55c \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6e0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc9c8\uc0b0\uc140\ub8f0\ub85c\uc624\uc2a4\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e0 \uc140\ub8f0\ub85c\uc774\ub4dc \uc601\ud654 \ud544\ub984\uc740 1897\ub144 \ud30c\ub9ac\uc758 \ud55c \uc601\ud654\uad00\uc5d0\uc11c 120\uba85\uc774 \ubd88\uc5d0 \ud0c0 \uc8fd\ub294 \ub054\ucc0d\ud55c \ud654\uc7ac\ub97c \uc77c\uc73c\ud0a8 \uc801\uc774 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uc774\ud6c4 \uc601\uc0ac\uc2e4 \ubcbd\uc744 \uc8fc\uc11d\ubc15\uc73c\ub85c \ub36e\uc5b4 \ubc29\ud654\ud574\uc57c \ud588\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4$^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

\uac00\uc7a5 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc778 \uc0dd\ud0dc\ud559\uc801 \ube44\uadf9\uc740, \uc548\uc804\ud55c \uc778\uacf5 \ub300\uccb4\uc7ac\uac00 \ubd80\uc7ac\ud55c \ud0d3\uc5d0 20\uc138\uae30 \ucd08\uc758 \uad11\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\uc5c5 \ud3ec\ud68d\uc774 \uadf9\ud788 \uc9e7\uc740 \uae30\uac04 \ub0b4\uc5d0 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \ucf54\ub07c\ub9ac\uc640 \uc178\ub77d \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uace4\ucda9\uc744 \uba78\uc885\uc73c\ub85c \ubab0\uc544\ub123\uc5c8\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

\n \n<\/div>\n

# 6. \ud604\ub300\uc758 \ub17c\uc7c1\uacfc \uc0dd\ud0dc\ud559\uc801 \uc5ed\uc124<\/p>\n

\uae30\uc220\uc758 \uc9c4\ubcf4\uc5d0\ub294 \ub300\uac1c \ubcf4\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \ub300\uac00\uac00 \ud45c\uc2dc\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud398\ub180\ub85c \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8\ub97c \ud569\uc131\ud558\ub824\ub294 \ucd08\uae30 \ub3d9\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0c1\uc544\uc640 \ucc9c\uc5f0 \uc178\ub77d\uc758 \ub300\uccb4\uc7ac\ub97c \ucc3e\uc73c\ub824\ub294 \ubaa9\uc801\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc5c8\uace0, \uac1d\uad00\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc77c\ubd80 \uc885\uc758 \uba78\uc885 \uc555\ub825\uc744 \uc644\ud654\ud55c \uce21\uba74\ub3c4 \ubd84\uba85 \uc874\uc7ac\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8\uac00 \uc9c0\ub2cc \uc5f4\uacbd\ud654\uc131 \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc758 \ubcf8\uc9c8\u2014\ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \uc601\uad6c\ud788 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ub179\uc5ec \uc7ac\uc131\ud615\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\u2014\ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ube44\uac00\uc5ed\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ub7c9 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub418\ub294 \ube44\ubd84\ud574\uc131 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \uc120\uad6c\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac00\uad50 \uad6c\uc870\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ub41c \ud604\ub300 \ud569\uc131 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc740 \ud604\uc7ac \uc804 \uc138\uacc4\uc801 \ubbf8\uc138\ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 \uc794\ub958\uc640 \ud1a0\uc591\uc758 \ubc31\uc0c9 \uc624\uc5fc \uc704\uae30\ub85c \uc9c4\ud654\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc790\uc5f0\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc7ac\ub8cc\uac00, \uacb0\uad6d \uc790\uc5f0\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc18c\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc774 \ub418\uc5b4 \ubc84\ub9b0 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ub2e4\uc2dc \ud398\ub180 \uc790\uccb4\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\uba74, \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uae30\ucd08 \ud654\ud559 \uc6d0\ub8cc\ub85c\uc11c \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4\uc5d0 \uac15\ud55c \ud30c\uad34\ub825\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud398\ub180\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \uc0dd\uc0b0\uacfc \ubd88\ubc95 \ubc30\ucd9c\uc740 \uc218\uc0dd \uc0dd\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ub69c\ub837\ud55c \ub3c5\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc774\uba70, \uace0\ub18d\ub3c4 \ud398\ub180 \uc6a9\uc561\uc774 \uc778\uccb4\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uc811 \uc811\ucd09\ud558\uba74 \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \ud654\ud559 \ud654\uc0c1\uc744 \uc720\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \ud604\ub300 \uc9c1\uc5c5\uc758\ud559\uc740 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ub178\ucd9c\uc758 \ub3c5\uc131\ud559\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc801\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc778\ub958\uc758 \uc0b4\uc721\uc0ac\uc5d0\uc11c, \ud398\ub180\uc744 \ub2c8\ud2b8\ub85c\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc5bb\uc740 \uc720\ub3c4\uccb4\uc778 \ud53c\ud06c\ub974\uc0b0 (Trinitrotoluene)\uc740 \ubcf4\uc5b4 \uc804\uc7c1\uacfc \uc81c1\ucc28 \uc138\uacc4\ub300\uc804 \ucd08\uae30 \uc804\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ud3ed\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\uc5b4, \uc804\uc7c1\uc758 \ucc38\ud639\ud568\uc744 \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc2ec\ud654\uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uc57d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0dd\uba85\uc744 \ube7c\uc557\ub294 \ud3ed\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c, \uc774\uac83 \ub610\ud55c \ud398\ub180\uc758 \ub17c\uc7c1\uc801 \uc591\uba74\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[3]}$.<\/p>\n

\n
\n \n<\/div>\n

# 7. \uacb0\ub860<\/p>\n

\ud398\ub180\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9\uc0ac\ub97c \ub418\uc9da\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uba74, \uadf8 \ubcf8\uc9c8\uc740 \uc778\ub958\uac00 \ubbf8\uc2dc\uc801 \ud654\ud559 \uacb0\ud569\uc744 \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uace0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574 \uc628 \uacfc\uc815\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc740 19\uc138\uae30 \uac00\uc2a4 \uc870\uba85 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc30\ucd9c\ub418\ub358 \uc790\uadf9\uc801\uc778 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c\ub85c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \ubca4\uc820 \uace0\ub9ac\uc640 \ud558\uc774\ub4dc\ub85d\uc2e4\uae30\uc758 \uacb0\ud569\uc774 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \ub0b8 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub192\uc740 \ubc18\uc751\uc131 \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub180\ub77c\uc6b4 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \ud655\uc7a5\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec \uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$. \ud398\ub180\uc740 \ubc14\ub2d0\ub9b0\uacfc \ucea1\uc0ac\uc774\uc2e0 \uac19\uc740 \ud48d\ubbf8 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uace8\uaca9\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0, \uc81c1\ucc28 \uc138\uacc4\ub300\uc804\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uc778\uba85 \ud53c\ud574\ub97c \ub0b3\uc558\ub358 \ud53c\ud06c\ub974\uc0b0 (Picric Acid) \ud3ed\uc57d\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ud30c\uc0dd\ub418\uc5b4, \uadf9\ud55c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ub2e4\uae30\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc785\uc99d\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

\ud398\ub180\uc774 \uc778\ub958 \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub77c\ub294 \ub3d9\ub9e5\uc5d0 \ubcf8\uaca9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\uc785\ud55c \uc9c0\uc810\uc740 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uae34\uae09\ud55c \ud604\uc2e4 \uc704\uae30\ub97c \ud574\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc704\uae30\ub294 19\uc138\uae30 \ubcd1\uc6d0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac10\uc5fc \uc0ac\ub9dd\ub960\uc774 \uc9c0\ub098\uce58\uac8c \ub192\uc544 \uc678\uacfc \uc218\uc220\uc740 \uac70\uc758 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6e0\uace0, \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud130 (Joseph Lister)\ub294 \ud398\ub180\uc774 \uc138\uade0 \ub2e8\ubc31\uc9c8\uc744 \uc751\uace0\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec, \uc758\ud559\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \ubc14\uafbc \ubc29\ubd80 \uccb4\uacc4\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[4]}$. \ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc704\uae30\ub294 \ucd08\uae30 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc774 \uc790\uc5f0 \uc7ac\ub8cc\ub97c \ucc29\ucde8\ud558\ub358 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \ube44\ub86f\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0c1\uc544\uc640 \ucc9c\uc5f0 \uc178\ub77d\uc774 \uace0\uac08\ub418\uace0, \ub300\uccb4\uc7ac\uc778 \uc140\ub8f0\ub85c\uc774\ub4dc (Celluloid)\uac00 \uadf9\ub3c4\ub85c \uc778\ud654\uc131\uc774 \uac15\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c, \ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub79c\ub4dc (Leo Hendrik Baekeland)\ub294 \ud398\ub180\uacfc \ud3ec\ub984\uc54c\ub370\ud788\ub4dc\uc758 \uac00\uad50 \ubc18\uc751\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574, \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \uc758\ubbf8\uc758 \ucd5c\ucd08 \ud569\uc131 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1\u2014\ubca0\uc774\ud074\ub77c\uc774\ud2b8 (Bakelite) \u2014\ub97c \ud569\uc131\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[1]}$.<\/p>\n

\uac00\uc2a4 \uacf5\uc7a5\uc758 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc758\ud559\uacfc \uc7ac\ub8cc\uacfc\ud559\uc744 \uac00\ub85c\uc9c0\ub974\ub294 \uae30\ucd08 \uc6d0\ub8cc\ub85c, \ud398\ub180\uc740 \uc778\ub958\uc758 \uc218\uba85\uacfc \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ud655\uc7a5\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub358 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uc871\uc1c4\ub97c \ud480\uc5b4 \uc8fc\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \uac1c\uc785 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \uc5f4\uacbd\ud654\uc131 (Thermosetting) \uc7ac\ub8cc\uc758 \ub300\ub7c9 \uc81c\uc870\ub97c \uc5ec\ub294 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810\uc774\uae30\ub3c4 \ud588\uace0, \uc624\ub298\ub0a0 \ubd84\ud574\uac00 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 \uc624\uc5fc \uc704\uae30\ub85c \uc804\uac1c\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ubb34\uc2dc\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \ub3c5\uc131\ud559\uc801 \uc704\ud5d8\uc744 \ub3d9\ubc18\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 $^{[3]}$. \ud398\ub180\uc758 \ubc1c\uc790\ucde8\ub294 \ubb38\uba85\uc744 \uc7ac\ud3b8\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc885\uc885 \uae30\ucd08\uc801\uc778 \ud654\ud559 \uad6c\uc870\uc774\uba70, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ud61c\ud0dd\uc744 \ub204\ub9ac\ub294 \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc0dd\ud0dc \uc21c\ud658\uc5d0 \uac00\ud55c \uc601\uad6c\uc801 \ubcc0\ud654 \ub610\ud55c \uac10\ub2f9\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

# 8. \ucc38\uace0\ubb38\ud5cc<\/p>\n

[1] Penny Le Couteur, Jay Burreson. \u300e\ub098\ud3f4\ub808\uc639\uc758 \ub2e8\ucd94: \uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc14\uafbc 17\uac00\uc9c0 \ud654\ud559 \ubd84\uc790\u300f. \uc81c7\uc7a5 \ud398\ub180. \uc911\uad6d\uc5b4\ud310.<\/p>\n

[2] Penny Le Couteur, Jay Burreson. Napoleon's Buttons: 17 Molecules That Changed History. Chapter 7: Phenol.<\/p>\n

[3] Wikipedia contributors. (2026, February 26). Phenol. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 11, 2026, from https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phenol<\/p>\n

[4] Lister, J. (1867). On the Antiseptic Principle in the Practice of Surgery. The Lancet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\uc5ed\uc0ac\ub97c \ubc14\uafbc \ubd84\uc790: \ud398\ub180 (Phenol)\uc774 \ud604\ub300 \uc758\ud559\uacfc \ubb3c\uc9c8 \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc744 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc7ac\ud3b8\ud588\ub294\uac00\r\n\r\n1. \ucd08\ub85d\r\n\r\n\ud604\ub300 \ubb38\uba85\uc758 \uc804\uac1c \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ud398\ub180 (Phenol)\uc740 \uacfc\uc18c\ud3c9\uac00\ub418\uc5b4 \uc628, \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uacb0\uc815\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce5c \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0\ub294 \uc545\ucde8 \ub098\ub294 \uc11d\ud0c4 \ud0c0\ub974 (Coal Tar) \uc18d\uc758 \uc0b0\uc5c5 \ud3d0\uae30\ubb3c\uc5d0 \ubd88\uacfc\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc758\ud559\uacfc \uc0b0\uc5c5\uc758 \uc9c0\ud615\uc744 \uae4a\uc774 \uc7ac\uad6c\uc131\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc870\uc9c0\ud504 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud130\uac00 \uc774\ub97c \ubcd1\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc785\ud558\uae30 \uc804, \uc678\uacfc \uc218\uc220\uc740 \uac10\uc5fc\uacfc\uc758 \ub0b4\uae30\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b4 \u201c\ub7ec\uc2dc\uc548 \ub8f0\ub81b\u201d\uacfc \ub2e4\ub974\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uace0, \uc758\ub8cc \ubc16\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud398\ub180-\ud3ec\ub984\uc54c\ub370\ud788\ub4dc \uc218\uc9c0\uc758 \ud575\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c 20\uc138\uae30 \ud50c\ub77c\uc2a4\ud2f1 \uc2dc\ub300\uc758 \ub9c9\uc744 \uc5f4\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \ub2f9\uad6c\ub300 \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub73b\ubc16\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ucf54\ub07c\ub9ac\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874\uacfc \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc624\ub77d \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8\ubb38\uc740 \ud398\ub180\uc774 \ud558\ucc2e\uc740 \ud654\ud559 \ubd80\uc0b0\ubb3c\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud558\uc5ec, \uc778\ub958\uc758 \uc0dd\uc874\ub960\uacfc \uc790\uc6d0 \uc18c\ube44\uc758 \uada4\uc801\uc744 \ubc14\uafbc \ud575\uc2ec \ubd84\uae30\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc9c4\ud654\ud588\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ud0d0\uad6c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n2. \ubc1c\uacac\uc0ac\uc640 \ud654\ud559\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd\r\n\r\n\ud398\ub180\uc758 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc740 \ubbf8\ubbf8\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"emotion":"","emotion_color":"","title_style":"","license":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[165,145],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-344","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-165","category-145"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/344","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=344"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/344\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":345,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/344\/revisions\/345"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=344"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=344"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}