{"id":346,"date":"2026-05-11T23:59:26","date_gmt":"2026-05-11T14:59:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/?p=346"},"modified":"2026-05-19T01:13:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-18T16:13:10","slug":"%e6%ad%b4%e5%8f%b2%e3%82%92%e5%a4%89%e3%81%88%e3%81%9f%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%ef%bc%9a%e3%83%95%e3%82%a7%e3%83%8e%e3%83%bc%e3%83%ab-phenol-%e3%81%af%e3%81%84%e3%81%8b%e3%81%ab%e7%8f%be%e4%bb%a3%e5%8c%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/ja\/2026\/05\/11\/%e6%ad%b4%e5%8f%b2%e3%82%92%e5%a4%89%e3%81%88%e3%81%9f%e5%88%86%e5%ad%90%ef%bc%9a%e3%83%95%e3%82%a7%e3%83%8e%e3%83%bc%e3%83%ab-phenol-%e3%81%af%e3%81%84%e3%81%8b%e3%81%ab%e7%8f%be%e4%bb%a3%e5%8c%bb\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u5909\u3048\u305f\u5206\u5b50\uff1a\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb (Phenol) \u306f\u3044\u304b\u306b\u73fe\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u3068\u7269\u8cea\u7523\u696d\u3092\u518d\u7de8\u3057\u305f\u304b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p># \u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u5909\u3048\u305f\u5206\u5b50\uff1a\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb (Phenol) \u306f\u3044\u304b\u306b\u73fe\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u3068\u7269\u8cea\u7523\u696d\u3092\u518d\u7de8\u3057\u305f\u304b<\/p>\n<p># 1. \u8981\u65e8<\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u306e\u9032\u5c55\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb (Phenol) \u306f\u904e\u5c0f\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u306a\u3001\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7269\u8cea\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u306f\u60aa\u81ed\u3092\u653e\u3064\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u30eb (Coal Tar) \u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u7523\u696d\u5ec3\u68c4\u7269\u306b\u3059\u304e\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3068\u7523\u696d\u306e\u5730\u56f3\u3092\u6df1\u304f\u5857\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b8\u30e7\u30bb\u30d5\u30fb\u30ea\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u75c5\u68df\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u4ee5\u524d\u3001\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u8853\u306f\u611f\u67d3\u3068\u8ced\u3051\u308b\u300c\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u30f3\u30eb\u30fc\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u300d\u306b\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u3001\u533b\u7642\u306e\u5916\u3067\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u6a39\u8102\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u3068\u3057\u306620\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5e55\u3092\u958b\u304d\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u30d3\u30ea\u30e4\u30fc\u30c9\u53f0\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u306f\u610f\u5916\u306b\u3082\u8c61\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u3068\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u5a2f\u697d\u306e\u5747\u8861\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u5f79\u5272\u307e\u3067\u62c5\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u672c\u7a3f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u53d6\u308b\u306b\u8db3\u308a\u306a\u3044\u5316\u5b66\u526f\u7523\u7269\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u3068\u8cc7\u6e90\u6d88\u8cbb\u306e\u8ecc\u8de1\u3092\u5909\u3048\u305f\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u3078\u3068\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5909\u8c8c\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.chemicalbook.com\/NewsImg\/2019-9-4\/warter_201994202311230739.jpg\" style=\"height: 240px; width: auto;\">\n<\/div>\n<p># 2. \u767a\u898b\u53f2\u3068\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u80cc\u666f<\/p>\n<p>\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u51fa\u81ea\u306f\u5351\u5c0f\u3067\u3057\u305f\u300219\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u982d\u3001\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9\u30f3\u306e\u8857\u306b\u30ac\u30b9\u706f\u304c\u666e\u53ca\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30ac\u30b9\u5de5\u5834\u306f\u77f3\u70ad\u3092\u30ac\u30b9\u5316\u3059\u308b\u904e\u7a0b\u3067\u3001\u60aa\u81ed\u3068\u7c98\u6027\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u526f\u7523\u7269\u2014\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u30eb (Coal Tar)$^{[1]}$\u2014\u3092\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u30021834\u5e74\u3001\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u8005\u30eb\u30f3\u30b2 (Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge) \u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u3092\u60a9\u307e\u305b\u308b\u7523\u696d\u5ec3\u68c4\u7269\u304b\u3089\u7121\u8272\u306e\u91dd\u72b6\u7d50\u6676\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6210\u529f\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u300c\u30ab\u30eb\u30dc\u30eb\u9178\u300d (Carbolic Acid) \u3068\u540d\u3065\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5316\u5b66\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u898b\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u5f0f\u306f $C_6H_5OH$ \u3067\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u8907\u96d1\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5e73\u9762\u72b6\u306e\u30d9\u30f3\u30bc\u30f3\u74b0\u306b\u30d2\u30c9\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u57fa (Hydroxyl Group) \u304c\u76f4\u63a5\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u96fb\u96e2\u3057\u3001\u5f31\u9178\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$C_6H_5OH \\rightleftharpoons C_6H_5O^- + H^+$$<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/resource\/2.1 - Phenol ionisation.png\" style=\"height: 150px; width: auto;\">\n<\/div>\n<p>\u305d\u306e pKa \u306f\u4e00\u822c\u306b 9.89~10.00 \u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>$$pKa(C_6H_5OH) = 9.89 \\sim 10.00$$<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u304c\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u9ad8\u3044\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5fdc\u6027\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u6027\u30d2\u30c9\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u57fa\u3068\u30d9\u30f3\u30bc\u30f3\u74b0\u306e\u9593\u306b\u751f\u3058\u308b\u975e\u5c40\u5728\u5316 $\\pi$ \u7d50\u5408 (Delocalized $\\pi$ Bond) \u306f\u9855\u8457\u306a\u96fb\u5b50\u4f9b\u4e0e\u52b9\u679c (Electron-donating Effect) \u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3057\u3001\u74b0\u306e\u96fb\u5b50\u5bc6\u5ea6 (Electron Density) \u3092\u5927\u304d\u304f\u9ad8\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u6c42\u96fb\u5b50\u7f6e\u63db\u53cd\u5fdc\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9ad8\u53cd\u5fdc\u6027\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u30db\u30eb\u30e0\u30a2\u30eb\u30c7\u30d2\u30c9\u3068\u8fc5\u901f\u306b\u67b6\u6a4b\u3057\u3066\u5f37\u56fa\u306a\u7db2\u76ee\u72b6\u30dd\u30ea\u30de\u30fc\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u7d30\u83cc\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3092\u7834\u58ca\u30fb\u51dd\u56fa\u3055\u305b\u308b\u6bd2\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u5f8c\u306b\u5916\u79d1\u9818\u57df\u3078\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4f0f\u7dda\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mblogthumb-phinf.pstatic.net\/MjAxOTEwMTdfMzAg\/MDAxNTcxMjk3NDI5MTE4.LQVDG1o25W0lCFRkz51B-wAWQJJKOGArOkoYhGgxJYgg.WSAi9_10-VKS0CsQztcAgt8091AI92j9xarZAnqKLikg.JPEG.skyhigh0206\/IMG_3369.JPG?type=w800\" style=\"height: 200px; width: auto;\">\n<\/div>\n<p># 3. \u533b\u7642\u4f53\u5236\u306e\u518d\u69cb\u7bc9\uff1a\u9662\u5185\u611f\u67d3\u304b\u3089\u7121\u83cc\u624b\u8853\u3078<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u985e\u304c\u5fae\u8996\u7684\u306a\u7d30\u83cc\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u4ee5\u524d\u3001\u75c5\u9662\u306e\u5916\u79d1\u75c5\u68df\u306f\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u81f4\u547d\u7684\u306a\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3057\u305f\u300219\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u9803\u306e\u5916\u79d1\u75c5\u68df\u306b\u306f\u3001\u58ca\u75bd (Gangrene) \u3068\u6557\u8840\u75c7 (Sepsis) \u306e\u8150\u81ed\u304c\u7acb\u3061\u3053\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059 $^{[1]}$\u3002\u5f53\u6642\u306e\u533b\u5e2b\u306f\u624b\u3092\u6d17\u308f\u305a\u3001\u53e4\u3044\u8840\u3067\u6c5a\u308c\u305f\u624b\u8853\u8863\u3092\u7d4c\u9a13\u306e\u52f2\u7ae0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a87\u308a\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5316\u81bf\u3092\u56de\u5fa9\u306e\u5fc5\u9808\u904e\u7a0b\u3060\u3068\u4fe1\u3058\u3066\u3001\u81bf\u3092\u6392\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7e2b\u5408\u7cf8\u3092\u9577\u304f\u5782\u3089\u3057\u3066\u5e8a\u306b\u89e6\u308c\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3055\u3048\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7121\u77e5\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5207\u65ad\u8853\u5f8c\u306e\u611f\u67d3\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u306f $40\\%$ \u304b\u3089 $70\\%$ \u306b\u9054\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5236\u5fa1\u4e0d\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u300c\u75c5\u9662\u75c5\u300d\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30b9\u30b3\u30c3\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u533b\u5e2b\u30ea\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc (Joseph Lister) \u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30b9\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb (Louis Pasteur) \u306e\u5fae\u751f\u7269 (Microorganism) \u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u89e6\u767a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7d30\u83cc\u3092\u6bba\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u624b\u639b\u304b\u308a\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u4e0b\u6c34\u306e\u60aa\u81ed\u51e6\u7406\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30ab\u30eb\u30dc\u30eb\u9178 (Crude Phenol) \u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u81e8\u5e8a\u306b\u5927\u80c6\u306b\u6301\u3061\u8fbc\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f\u30021865\u5e74\u3001\u30ea\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u6d78\u3057\u305f\u88ab\u8986\u6750\u3092\u932b\u7b94\u3067\u5305\u3080\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3001\u958b\u653e\u9aa8\u6298 (Open Fracture) \u306e\u5c11\u5e74\u3092\u5947\u8de1\u7684\u306b\u6cbb\u7652\u3055\u305b\u3001\u5207\u65ad\u3092\u514d\u308c\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5fb9\u5e95\u3057\u305f\u7121\u83cc\u3092\u8ffd\u6c42\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30ea\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u306f\u624b\u8853\u5ba4\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u30ab\u30eb\u30dc\u30eb\u9178\u3092\u5674\u9727\u3059\u308b\u5674\u9727\u5668\u307e\u3067\u958b\u767a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u305d\u306e\u5149\u666f\u306f\u60b2\u60e8\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u533b\u5e2b\u306e\u76ae\u819a\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u6f02\u767d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u3072\u3073\u5272\u308c\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u9ebb\u75fa\u3057\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u81ed\u306e\u9727\u306f\u5410\u304d\u6c17\u3092\u8a98\u3044\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u304c\u305d\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u50cd\u304f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u62d2\u307f\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5384\u4ecb\u3060\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u300c\u7634\u6c17\u8aac\u300d\u306b\u56fa\u57f7\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u6a29\u5a01\u304c\u5632\u7b11\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u300c\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u4fe1\u3058\u3001\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u300c\u75c5\u539f\u6027\u306e\u5c0f\u866b\u300d\u306a\u3069\u8352\u5510\u7121\u7a3d\u3060\u3068\u65ad\u3058\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002\u540c\u50da\u305f\u3061\u306f\u751f\u306e\u30cb\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u6e7f\u5e03\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6c11\u9593\u7642\u6cd5\u306f\u8a66\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u523a\u6fc0\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u6d88\u6bd2\u306f\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u50b2\u6162\u3055\u3092\u62bc\u3057\u5207\u3063\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u786c\u3044\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u4eba\u985e\u304c\u7d30\u83cc\u306b\u62b5\u6297\u3059\u308b\u6700\u521d\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u9632\u885b\u7dda\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u3092\u5927\u304d\u304f\u4e0b\u3052\u3001\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u304c\u3064\u3044\u306b\u9ad8\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u624b\u8853\u306b\u8e0f\u307f\u51fa\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3057\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059 $^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p># 4. \u7269\u8cea\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\uff1a\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u3068\u4eba\u5de5\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5e55\u958b\u3051<\/p>\n<p>\u4eba\u547d\u6551\u52a9\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3089\u305a\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u8ee2\u63db\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8cc7\u6e90\u306e\u53ce\u596a\u304c\u7a81\u304d\u5f53\u305f\u3063\u305f\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u307e\u3059\u300219\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u3067\u30d3\u30ea\u30e4\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u6d41\u884c\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u54c1\u8cea\u306e\u826f\u3044\u7403\u6750\u306b\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u306a\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u8c61\u7259\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3001\u5e73\u5747\u3059\u308b\u306850\u672c\u306e\u7259\u304b\u30891\u672c\u3057\u304b\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u539f\u6599\u304c\u9078\u3079\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u540c\u6642\u306b\u3001\u96fb\u529b\u7523\u696d\u306e\u7206\u767a\u7684\u767a\u5c55\u306f\u7d76\u7e01\u6750\u6599\u3092\u5207\u5b9f\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u5929\u7136\u30b7\u30a7\u30e9\u30c3\u30af (Shellac) \u306f\u52b9\u7387\u304c\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4f4e\u304f\u3001\u30b7\u30a7\u30e9\u30c3\u30af1\u30dd\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u751f\u7523\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f1.5\u4e07\u5339\u306e\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u30ab\u30a4\u30ac\u30e9\u30e0\u30b7\u30686\u304b\u6708\u306e\u5f85\u6a5f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u5de8\u5927\u306a\u751f\u7523\u5727\u529b\u304c\u4eba\u5de5\u30dd\u30ea\u30de\u30fc\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u4fc3\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u30021907\u5e74\u3001\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7cfb\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u8005\u30d9\u30fc\u30b1\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9 (Leo Hendrik Baekeland) \u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u30db\u30eb\u30e0\u30a2\u30eb\u30c7\u30d2\u30c9\u3092\u6df7\u5408\u3059\u308b\u8a66\u307f\u306b\u7740\u624b\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u524d\u306b\u3082\u5316\u5b66\u8005\u304c\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u53cd\u5fdc\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u6fc0\u3057\u304f\u66b4\u8d70\u3057\u3001\u7121\u7528\u306e\u6b8b\u6e23\u3057\u304b\u6b8b\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d9\u30fc\u30b1\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306f\u8ae6\u3081\u305a\u3001\u300c\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30b6\u30fc\u300d (Bakelizer) \u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u9ad8\u5727\u88c5\u7f6e\u3092\u8a2d\u8a08\u3057\u3001\u6e29\u5ea6\u3068\u5727\u529b\u3092\u7cbe\u5bc6\u306b\u5236\u5fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30db\u30eb\u30e0\u30a2\u30eb\u30c7\u30d2\u30c9\u3068\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u67b6\u6a4b\u53cd\u5fdc\u3092\u6210\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u3001\u7425\u73c0\u8272\u306e\u56fa\u4f53\u2014\u300c\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u300d (Phenolic Resin)\u2014\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u308c\u306f\u71b1\u786c\u5316\u6027\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af (Thermosetting Plastic) \u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u5ea6\u6210\u5f62\u3059\u308b\u3068\u9ad8\u6e29\u3067\u3082\u6eb6\u3051\u305f\u308a\u5909\u5f62\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u88fd\u306e\u7403\u306f\u885d\u7a81\u6642\u306b\u8c61\u7259\u306b\u9177\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u6f84\u3093\u3060\u97f3\u3092\u767a\u3057\u3001\u512a\u308c\u305f\u7d76\u7e01\u6027\u3068\u8010\u71b1\u6027\u3068\u76f8\u307e\u3063\u3066\u300120\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u982d\u306e\u96fb\u8a71\u30fb\u30e9\u30b8\u30aa\u7b50\u4f53\u304a\u3088\u3073\u56de\u8def\u7d76\u7e01\u4f53\u306e\u5e02\u5834\u3092\u6025\u901f\u306b\u5e2d\u5dfb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306f\u521d\u3081\u3066\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u7531\u6765\u306e\u5929\u7136\u6750\u6599\u3078\u306e\u4f9d\u5b58\u304b\u3089\u629c\u3051\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u5206\u5b50\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u7269\u8cea\u3092\u5408\u6210\u3059\u308b\u98db\u8e8d\u3092\u9042\u3052\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p># 5. \u3082\u3057\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3089<\/p>\n<p>\u3082\u3057\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u5206\u96e2\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u5f37\u5236\u7684\u306b\u906e\u65ad\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306b\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u5b66\u306e\u9577\u671f\u7684\u505c\u6ede\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4f4e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u5e83\u57df\u306b\u4f5c\u7528\u3059\u308b\u6bba\u83cc\u5264\u304c\u306a\u3044\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30b9\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb (Louis Pasteur) \u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u81e8\u5e8a\u3067\u5b9f\u7528\u7684\u306a\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u8db3\u5834\u3092\u5f97\u306b\u304f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059 $^{[1]}$\u3002\u75c5\u9662\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u611f\u67d3\u306e\u6e29\u5e8a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5175\u58eb\u306f\u3054\u304f\u8efd\u5fae\u306a\u5916\u50b7\u304b\u3089\u6557\u8840\u75c7\u3067\u547d\u3092\u843d\u3068\u3057\u5f97\u3066\u3001\u81d3\u5668\u79fb\u690d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7cbe\u5bc6\u624b\u8853\u3082\u7121\u83cc\u57fa\u76e4\u306e\u6b20\u5982\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9577\u304f\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u7d19\u9762\u306b\u3068\u3069\u307e\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046 $^{[4]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306b\u3001\u96fb\u5316\u306e\u666e\u53ca\u306f\u8d8a\u3048\u304c\u305f\u3044\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u58c1\u306b\u76f4\u9762\u3057\u305f\u306f\u305a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u7d76\u7e01\u4f53\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8 (Bakelite) \u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u521d\u671f\u306e\u9001\u96fb\u7db2\u306f\u9ad8\u4fa1\u3067\u58ca\u308c\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u71b1\u3067\u8edf\u5316\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u5929\u7136\u6750\u6599\u306b\u983c\u308b\u3057\u304b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306f\u6975\u3081\u3066\u53ef\u71c3\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u521d\u671f\u30dd\u30ea\u30de\u30fc\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30bb\u30eb\u30ed\u30a4\u30c9 (Celluloid) \u3092\u5f15\u304d\u7d9a\u304d\u4f7f\u308f\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002\u8a87\u5f35\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u4ee5\u524d\u306f\u30d3\u30ea\u30e4\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u6620\u753b\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3001\u7206\u767a\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u4f34\u3046\u6975\u9650\u30b9\u30dd\u30fc\u30c4\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30cb\u30c8\u30ed\u30bb\u30eb\u30ed\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30bb\u30eb\u30ed\u30a4\u30c9\u6620\u753b\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30e0\u306f\u30011897\u5e74\u306b\u30d1\u30ea\u306e\u6620\u753b\u9928\u3067120\u4eba\u304c\u713c\u6b7b\u3059\u308b\u6050\u308d\u3057\u3044\u706b\u707d\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u6620\u5199\u5ba4\u306e\u58c1\u3092\u932b\u7b94\u3067\u8986\u3063\u3066\u9632\u706b\u305b\u3056\u308b\u3092\u5f97\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u307b\u3069\u3067\u3059$^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u3082\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u751f\u614b\u5b66\u7684\u60b2\u5287\u306f\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u306a\u4eba\u5de5\u4ee3\u66ff\u54c1\u304c\u6b20\u3051\u3066\u3044\u305f\u305f\u3081\u306b\u300120\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u982d\u306e\u72c2\u71b1\u7684\u306a\u5546\u696d\u72e9\u731f\u304c\u3054\u304f\u77ed\u671f\u9593\u3067\u30a2\u30d5\u30ea\u30ab\u30be\u30a6\u3068\u30b7\u30a7\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u751f\u7523\u6606\u866b\u3092\u7d76\u6ec5\u3078\u8ffd\u3044\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059 $^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com\/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRH_qVj1UrNha9WnmtvF15z-TEd2OS38rvXdA&s\" style=\"height: 240px; width: auto;\">\n<\/div>\n<p># 6. \u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u8ad6\u4e89\u3068\u751f\u614b\u5b66\u7684\u30d1\u30e9\u30c9\u30c3\u30af\u30b9<\/p>\n<p>\u3042\u3089\u3086\u308b\u6280\u8853\u306e\u9032\u6b69\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305f\u3044\u3066\u3044\u898b\u3048\u306a\u3044\u4ee3\u511f\u304c\u4ed8\u968f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304b\u3089\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u5408\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5f53\u521d\u306e\u610f\u56f3\u306b\u306f\u3001\u8c61\u7259\u3068\u5929\u7136\u30b7\u30a7\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u3092\u63a2\u3059\u52d5\u6a5f\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5ba2\u89b3\u7684\u306b\u306f\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u7a2e\u306e\u7d76\u6ec5\u5727\u529b\u3092\u7de9\u548c\u3057\u305f\u9762\u3082\u78ba\u304b\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u304c\u6301\u3064\u71b1\u786c\u5316\u6027\u6750\u6599\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u2014\u5f62\u72b6\u3092\u6c38\u9060\u306b\u4fdd\u3061\u3001\u518d\u6eb6\u878d\u3057\u3066\u518d\u6210\u5f62\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u2014\u304c\u3001\u975e\u5206\u89e3\u6027\u5ec3\u68c4\u7269\u306e\u5927\u91cf\u751f\u7523\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6642\u4ee3\u3092\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u306b\u958b\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u67b6\u6a4b\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u7aef\u3092\u767a\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u4ee3\u5408\u6210\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u7523\u696d\u306f\u3001\u3044\u307e\u3084\u4e16\u754c\u898f\u6a21\u306e\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u6b8b\u7559\u3068\u571f\u58cc\u306e\u767d\u8272\u6c5a\u67d3\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5371\u6a5f\u3078\u3068\u767a\u5c55\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u3092\u6551\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u6750\u6599\u304c\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u306f\u81ea\u7136\u304c\u6700\u3082\u6d88\u5316\u3057\u306b\u304f\u3044\u8ca0\u62c5\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306b\u7acb\u3061\u8fd4\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u57fa\u790e\u5316\u5b66\u539f\u6599\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u306b\u5f37\u3044\u7834\u58ca\u529b\u3092\u6301\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7523\u3068\u9055\u6cd5\u6392\u51fa\u306f\u6c34\u751f\u751f\u7269\u306b\u9855\u8457\u306a\u6bd2\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3001\u9ad8\u6fc3\u5ea6\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u6eb6\u6db2\u304c\u4eba\u4f53\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u89e6\u308c\u308b\u3068\u91cd\u7be4\u306a\u5316\u5b66\u71b1\u50b7\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u8077\u696d\u533b\u5b66\u306f\u3001\u9577\u671f\u7684\u306a\u5de5\u696d\u66b4\u9732\u306e\u6bd2\u6027\u5b66\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u8ffd\u8de1\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u6bba\u622e\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u30cb\u30c8\u30ed\u5316\u3057\u3066\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u8a98\u5c0e\u4f53\u306e\u30d4\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u9178 (Trinitrotoluene) \u306f\u3001\u30dc\u30fc\u30a2\u6226\u4e89\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u521d\u671f\u306b\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u7206\u85ac\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6226\u5834\u3078\u5e83\u304f\u6295\u4e0b\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6226\u4e89\u306e\u60e8\u70c8\u3055\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u5897\u5e45\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u547d\u3092\u6551\u3046\u85ac\u304b\u3089\u547d\u3092\u596a\u3046\u7206\u85ac\u3078\u2014\u3053\u308c\u3082\u307e\u305f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u8ad6\u4e89\u6027\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u305f\u4e8c\u9762\u6027\u3067\u3059 $^{[3]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<div style=\"display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end; gap: 10px; width: 100%;\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/minecraft.wiki\/images\/TNT_JE3_BE2.png?62989\" \n         style=\"height: 200px; width: auto;\"><br \/>\n    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/hips.hearstapps.com\/hmg-prod\/images\/050401-f-4729s-008-jpg-1530296168.jpg?crop=1.00xw:0.763xh;0,0.139xh&resize=1200\" \n         style=\"height: 200px; width: auto;\">\n<\/div>\n<p># 7. \u7d50\u8ad6<\/p>\n<p>\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u53f2\u3092\u632f\u308a\u8fd4\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u306f\u4eba\u985e\u304c\u5fae\u8996\u7684\u306a\u5316\u5b66\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u63a2\u7a76\u3057\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u304d\u305f\u904e\u7a0b\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7269\u8cea\u306f19\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u30ac\u30b9\u7167\u660e\u7523\u696d\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u523a\u6fc0\u81ed\u306e\u7523\u696d\u5ec3\u68c4\u7269\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30d9\u30f3\u30bc\u30f3\u74b0\u3068\u30d2\u30c9\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u57fa\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u3044\u53cd\u5fdc\u6027\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u9a5a\u304f\u3079\u304d\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u62e1\u5f35\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u30d0\u30cb\u30ea\u30f3\u3084\u30ab\u30d7\u30b5\u30a4\u30b7\u30f3\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u98a8\u5473\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u9aa8\u683c\u3092\u6210\u3059\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u3067\u751a\u5927\u306a\u72a0\u7272\u3092\u751f\u3093\u3060\u30d4\u30af\u30ea\u30f3\u9178 (Picric Acid) \u7206\u85ac\u306b\u3082\u6d3e\u751f\u3057\u3001\u6975\u9650\u72b6\u6cc1\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u591a\u6a5f\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059 $^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u4eba\u985e\u53f2\u306e\u4e3b\u52d5\u8108\u306b\u771f\u306b\u5165\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u306e\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5207\u8feb\u3057\u305f\u73fe\u5b9f\u5371\u6a5f\u3092\u89e3\u6d88\u3057\u305f\u70b9\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u306f19\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u75c5\u9662\u3067\u3001\u611f\u67d3\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7387\u304c\u6975\u3081\u3066\u9ad8\u304f\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u8853\u306f\u7acb\u3061\u884c\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30ea\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc (Joseph Lister) \u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u7d30\u83cc\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3092\u51dd\u56fa\u3055\u305b\u308b\u7279\u6027\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u306e\u9032\u8def\u3092\u5909\u3048\u308b\u9632\u8150\u4f53\u7cfb\u3092\u78ba\u7acb\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[4]}$\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u306e\u5371\u6a5f\u306f\u521d\u671f\u7523\u696d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5929\u7136\u6750\u6599\u306e\u53ce\u596a\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8c61\u7259\u3068\u5929\u7136\u30b7\u30a7\u30e9\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u67af\u6e07\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4ee3\u66ff\u54c1\u30bb\u30eb\u30ed\u30a4\u30c9 (Celluloid) \u306e\u6975\u7aef\u306a\u53ef\u71c3\u6027\u3068\u3044\u3046\u80cc\u666f\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u3001\u30d9\u30fc\u30b1\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9 (Leo Hendrik Baekeland) \u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u30db\u30eb\u30e0\u30a2\u30eb\u30c7\u30d2\u30c9\u306e\u67b6\u6a4b\u53cd\u5fdc\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u771f\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306e\u5408\u6210\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u2014\u30d9\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8 (Bakelite) \u2014\u3092\u5408\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f $^{[1]}$\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30ac\u30b9\u5de5\u5834\u306e\u5ec3\u68c4\u7269\u304b\u3089\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3068\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u3092\u6a2a\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u57fa\u790e\u539f\u6599\u3078\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306f\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u5bff\u547d\u3068\u7523\u696d\u62e1\u5f35\u3092\u5236\u9650\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u7269\u7406\u7684\u67b7\u3092\u5916\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u71b1\u786c\u5316\u6027 (Thermosetting) \u6750\u6599\u306e\u5927\u91cf\u88fd\u9020\u306e\u5148\u97ad\u3082\u3064\u3051\u3001\u4eca\u65e5\u306e\u5206\u89e3\u3057\u306b\u304f\u3044\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u6c5a\u67d3\u5371\u6a5f\u3078\u3068\u5c55\u958b\u3057\u3001\u7121\u8996\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u6bd2\u6027\u5b66\u7684\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u3092\u4f34\u3044\u307e\u3059 $^{[3]}$\u3002\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u8db3\u8de1\u306f\u3001\u6587\u660e\u3092\u5f62\u4f5c\u308a\u76f4\u3059\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u306a\u5316\u5b66\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u6280\u8853\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3092\u4eab\u53d7\u3057\u3064\u3064\u3082\u3001\u751f\u614b\u5faa\u74b0\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u6c38\u7d9a\u7684\u5909\u5316\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u53d7\u3051\u306d\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p># 8. \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/p>\n<p>[1] Penny Le Couteur, Jay Burreson. \u300e\u30ca\u30dd\u30ec\u30aa\u30f3\u306e\u30dc\u30bf\u30f3\uff1a\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u5909\u3048\u305f17\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u5206\u5b50\u300f. \u7b2c7\u7ae0 \u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb. \u4e2d\u56fd\u8a9e\u7248.<\/p>\n<p>[2] Penny Le Couteur, Jay Burreson. Napoleon's Buttons: 17 Molecules That Changed History. Chapter 7: Phenol.<\/p>\n<p>[3] Wikipedia contributors. (2026, February 26). Phenol. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 11, 2026, from https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phenol<\/p>\n<p>[4] Lister, J. (1867). On the Antiseptic Principle in the Practice of Surgery. The Lancet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u6b74\u53f2\u3092\u5909\u3048\u305f\u5206\u5b50\uff1a\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb (Phenol) \u306f\u3044\u304b\u306b\u73fe\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u3068\u7269\u8cea\u7523\u696d\u3092\u518d\u7de8\u3057\u305f\u304b\r\n\r\n1. \u8981\u65e8\r\n\r\n\u73fe\u4ee3\u6587\u660e\u306e\u9032\u5c55\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb (Phenol) \u306f\u904e\u5c0f\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u304c\u3061\u306a\u3001\u3057\u304b\u3057\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u7269\u8cea\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3082\u3068\u3082\u3068\u306f\u60aa\u81ed\u3092\u653e\u3064\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u30eb (Coal Tar) \u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u7523\u696d\u5ec3\u68c4\u7269\u306b\u3059\u304e\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3068\u7523\u696d\u306e\u5730\u56f3\u3092\u6df1\u304f\u5857\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30b8\u30e7\u30bb\u30d5\u30fb\u30ea\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u75c5\u68df\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u4ee5\u524d\u3001\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u8853\u306f\u611f\u67d3\u3068\u8ced\u3051\u308b\u300c\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u30f3\u30eb\u30fc\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u300d\u306b\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u3001\u533b\u7642\u306e\u5916\u3067\u306f\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u6a39\u8102\u306e\u4e2d\u6838\u3068\u3057\u306620\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u5e55\u3092\u958b\u304d\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u30d3\u30ea\u30e4\u30fc\u30c9\u53f0\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u306f\u610f\u5916\u306b\u3082\u8c61\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u3068\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u5a2f\u697d\u306e\u5747\u8861\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u5f79\u5272\u307e\u3067\u62c5\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u672c\u7a3f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u304c\u53d6\u308b\u306b\u8db3\u308a\u306a\u3044\u5316\u5b66\u526f\u7523\u7269\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u3068\u8cc7\u6e90\u6d88\u8cbb\u306e\u8ecc\u8de1\u3092\u5909\u3048\u305f\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ee2\u63db\u70b9\u3078\u3068\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5909\u8c8c\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3092\u8ad6\u3058\u307e\u3059\u3002\r\n\r\n\r\n    \r\n\r\n\r\n2. \u767a\u898b\u53f2\u3068\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u80cc\u666f\r\n\r\n\u30d5\u30a7\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u51fa\u81ea\u306f\u5351\u5c0f\u3067\u3057\u305f\u300219\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u982d\u3001\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9...","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":405,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"emotion":"","emotion_color":"","title_style":"","license":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[147,167],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-147","category-167"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=346"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":347,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/346\/revisions\/347"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wuhanqing.cn\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}